Ⅰ，On the concept of fulvic acid.

The essence of fulvic acid humic acid is small molecular weight and high activity. It is a kind of small molecular substances that can be dissolved in alkali, acid and water after a series of decomposition and transformation of animal and plant remains. It is yellow or brownish yellow. It has high load and physiological activity. For agriculture, it is a plant growth regulator, which can promote plant growth, play an important role in combating drought, improve plant stress resistance, increase yield and improve quality.

Ⅱ，Difference between fulvic acid and humic acid

Humic acid is an organic mixture formed from plant debris through complex chemical, biological decomposition and synthesis reactions with the participation of microorganisms. Fulvic acid is one of the components with the smallest molecular weight, which can be dissolved in water, acid and alkali. Because it contains many functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxy, etc.), has high activity and stability, and has excellent performance in improving soil, stimulating crop growth, improving crop stress resistance, improving quality and fertilizer slow-release efficiency.

Humic acid includes black humic acid, brown humic acid and yellow humic acid. Fulvic acid is the essence of humic acid. It is the water-soluble part of humic acid. Its molecular weight is small (average molecular weight is 1032). Some are 200 ~ 300), with many acidic groups, good dissolution and wide application.

From the figure below, we can see that fulvic acid has the best water solubility and activity!

Ⅲ，Fulvic acid can be divided into mineral fulvic acid and biochemical fulvic acid

Mineral source fulvic acid: it is a short carbon chain molecular structure material extracted from natural humic acid (mainly extracted from lignite, peat and weathered coal by alkali solution and acid precipitation). The main source of mineral source fulvic acid is a non renewable resource, which is controlled by the state. Its preparation is difficult, and the extraction purity of biochemical fulvic acid can reach more than 40%, The extraction cost is much lower than that of fulvic acid from ore source (the content of purified fulvic acid is 3% - 5%) (only one tenth of it)

Biochemical fulvic acid: it is mainly formed by sulfonation and cracking of lignin extracted from straw. Some bagasse, molasses and monosodium glutamate residues are extracted. The yellow one bought from the market, which is easy to absorb moisture and has the taste of sugar, is biochemical fulvic acid. Biochemical fulvic acid is a renewable resource with abundant raw materials, and the production time is very short. It can complete the reaction process of tens of thousands of years in nature in only a few hours, which is suitable for long-term development and application

Fulvic acid from mineral source can form granular structure without moisture absorption; Biochemical fulvic acid has strong moisture absorption (when added as fertilizer, 25 kg per ton can absorb serious moisture and increase water content. As fertilizer, mineral fulvic acid only needs one tenth of biochemical fulvic acid)

As a fertilizer raw material, the price of mineral fulvic acid is high, and the actual use of agricultural means of production enterprises is not large, mainly biochemical fulvic acid. This is because the extraction cost of mineral source fulvic acid is high. Generally, the purity of extracted fulvic acid is 3-5%, and the extraction cost is 20000-30000 yuan / ton (the data is from China humic acid Association). At present, mineral source fulvic acid generally appears in agricultural application in the form of leaf fertilizer, but the sales price is high, generally at 80000-100000 yuan / ton.

Ⅳ，Significance of fulvic acid to agricultural development

1. Improve fertilizer utilization efficiency (chelate constant and trace nutrients to make them better used by plants, strengthen plant absorption of nitrogen, reduce phosphorus fixation, store nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements deep into the soil in the protective box in the soil, accelerate the process of nutrient elements entering the plant body, and improve the application effect of inorganic fertilizer)

2. Control plant diseases and enhance waterlogging resistance (fulvic acid can increase the activity of enzymes in plants and increase the resistance of plants).

3. Fulvic acid is a colloidal organic substance, which can loosen the soil and improve the soil environment.

4. Improve pesticide utilization（ It is mixed with some non alkaline pesticides and often has synergistic effect)

5. Improve nutrient absorption and promote plant germination and growth (fulvic acid can stimulate root growth and eventually greatly enhance the ability of crops to absorb water and nutrients).

6. Fulvic acid has drought resistance function (fulvic acid sprayed on plant leaves can close plant stomata and reduce plant water transpiration)

In the practical application of agricultural production, fulvic acid has the best effect and stability. Fulvic acid is the best core component of soil humus. It is an organic aromatic substance with small molecular weight and full water solubility generated by decomposition and re decomposition of organic matter. It is the best humic acid component in soil and the core material forming soil aggregate structure. As a plant growth regulator, fulvic acid can not only improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, but also improve soil structure, but also improve crop yield and quality, so as to help agriculture achieve the purpose of increasing production, improving quality and cultivating land. Therefore, "fulvic acid" is of great significance for the green and sustainable development of agriculture in China!